🔧 Lenovo K20 Debian Installation - Repair Report

Problem Diagnosis

Initial Symptoms

Root Cause

initramfs generation failed - During debootstrap + qemu-user-static installation, qemu emulation of x86_64 architecture caused library mapping issues:

error while loading shared libraries: libcrypto.so.3: failed to map segment from shared object

This resulted in:

• ❌ systemd services unable to start
• ❌ SSH service not running
• ❌ Network manager not initializing
• ❌ System stuck in early boot stage

Repairs Performed

1. Regenerated initramfs ✅

# Generated on Pi5 host for K20 drive
update-initramfs -c -k 6.1.0-42-amd64 -b /mnt/k20/boot

# Result: 17MB initrd.img generated
ls -lh /mnt/k20/boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-42-amd64
# -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17M ...

2. Fixed GRUB Boot Configuration ✅

set timeout=5
menuentry "Debian GNU/Linux" {
    set root=(hd0,gpt2)
    linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.1.0-42-amd64 root=UUID=f874e2b1-ea2f-4e0a-8cb2-8a1e8878a972 ro quiet
    initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-42-amd64
}

3. Fixed EFI Boot Configuration ✅

# /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT/grub.cfg
set timeout=5
search.fs_uuid f874e2b1-ea2f-4e0a-8cb2-8a1e8878a972 root
set prefix=($root)/boot/grub
configfile ($root)/boot/grub/grub.cfg

4. Fixed fstab ✅

/dev/disk/by-uuid/f874e2b1-ea2f-4e0a-8cb2-8a1e8878a972 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/dev/disk/by-uuid/E876-C8CD /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1

5. Fixed SSH Configuration ✅

Port 22
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes

6. Configured Services to Auto-start ✅

systemctl enable ssh
systemctl enable NetworkManager

7. Configured apt Sources (with firmware) ✅

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

8. Created First-Boot Script ✅

# /etc/rc.local
# Auto-install WiFi firmware
apt install -y firmware-realtek firmware-misc-nonfree
# Regenerate initramfs
update-initramfs -u

Before vs After

Expected Boot Sequence

1. Press power button
2. BIOS POST (~5s)
3. GRUB load (~3s)
4. Debian kernel boot (~10s)
5. initramfs load (~5s)
6. systemd init (~20s)
7. Network manager start (~10s)
8. SSH service start ✅
9. First-boot script runs (firmware install, ~30s)
10. System ready ✅

Total boot time: ~1.5-2 minutes (first boot may take 3 minutes)

Connection Info

Wired Network (Recommended for first use)

Connection: Ethernet cable to router
IP: DHCP auto
SSH Port: 22
Username: root
Password: k20root

WiFi (After first boot)

SSID: 私用以太之光_5G
Password: 65482908
Auto-connect: Yes